NMR Characterization of Nylon 6 Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

NMR Characterization of Nylon 6 - Research Paper Example So, this paper focusing on Nylon-6 will discuss the characterization of structure and morphology in Nylon-6 by solid state carbon-13 and nitrogen-15 NMR. Solid state NMR is one among the powerful tools for studying the polymer structure, morphology and the dynamics. (Mirau 2001). Nylon – 6 polymeric materials is an important polyamide that has wide applications ranging from carpets and automotive parts to intimate apparel. Nylon – 6 is also found to store large amounts of iodine making them a good solid-state electrolyte. Nylon 6 has the [-NH (CH2)5(CO)-] repeating group. The nylon -6 contains the crystalline lamella in an amorphous matrix. Though it is crystalline the presence of this amorphous matrix makes the crystallography difficult. As nylon – 6 has various applications in many fields, the study about the structure and the conversion level among has become essential. As the hydrogen bonding in the polyamides makes them an important plastic because of the strength it provides. Nylon is found to exist in two different crystalline forms. The most stable form at high temperature is the alpha form which consists of anti parallel chain in an extended from with the hydrogen bonds. The second phase is known as the gamma phase. This phase is found to contain hydrogen bonds as pleated sheets between the parallel chains. In this form, the methylene next to the amide is found to adopt a skew conformation which is similar to the secondary structure confirmation. The important features of the gamma form are (i) the length between repeat units is shortened (0.35 AÂ º). (ii) Methylene groups in the amide groups are found tilted towards the plane. The crystal structure of nylon 6 was studied using the 13Cand 15NCross Polarization/Magic Angle Spinning (CP/MAS) NMR spectroscopy. (Casanovas & Aleman 2002). A large number of polymers are used commercially and biologically based on the nitrogen contained in the polymer. N15 NMR is used for the

Buddhism Annotated Bibliography Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Buddhism - Annotated Bibliography Example In addition, Buddha’s do not believe that in life there is something like fate and urges that human beings are the drivers of their own lives whereby, every human being has the capacity and ability to liberate themselves from any suffering that one might be going through. The nature of self entails the act of awareness or having some consciousness. However, the nature of the self is not specific to awareness of any kind but it tends to be very general. The nature of the self may involve certain things such: feelings, imagination, intuition, memory, thoughts to mention just but a few. This means that the preposition of awareness may not properly define the content of the nature of the self because awareness tends to have some limitation. In addition, the nature of the self is not limited to anything just the same way that human being have unlimited desire in life. For example, human being are never satisfied with what they have, they always want to work hard to earn more money to meet their unlimited desires, in the same way that the nature of the self is not limited to consciousness or awareness as discussed. The main aim of self is the realization of individual personal identity. The Sri Raman asserted that the nature of self entails a fabrication o f mind whereby, self awareness may involve realization of oneself . Philosophers Aristotle and Plato tried to substantiate whether the soul, minds and the body are separable from each other and whether the soul is immortal upon human death. Whereby, Aristotle assertions supported the eastern religion of Buddhism that the nature of the self as an activity and that self exist within human being but it is separable from the human body. Aristotle added that self when a person dies, both the body and the self perish. He further substantiated his assertion using a knife as an example. The knife was considered as the body that has a soul whereby,